© Kim Willis - no parts of this newsletter may be used without
permission.
Hi Gardeners
 |
| Selection of sedums |
Today is cloudy, foggy and damp here. We had heavy rain overnight. It’s not too cold but that will be changing
soon. The first two days of January were
beautiful for Michigan in winter. They
were sunny with temps in the mid 40’s and little wind. I wish we could have winter like that all
season. I got out with Gizzy and walked
the yard. (We can’t walk down the road
because it’s far too muddy for a little long haired, white dog.) I am fortunate to have a very large yard- we
walked around the pond and through the old pasture, something you can’t do most
January’s.
The grass is still so green. I let the chickens out to roam and they were
gobbling it up. However some of my ducks
who can fly have disappeared on me. Hopefully
they’ll be back before the really cold weather sets in.
I am starting to get garden fever, probably because I
was out in the sunshine for a couple days.
I know it’s too early for me to start seeds here but I got them out and
looked through them. I collected some
seed this fall and I also bought some 2016 seed packets on clearance in the
fall. In a month or so I may start
some. Outside I was cleaning up some
hosta seed heads and day dreaming about what to plant next spring.
I tried to shift my interest to houseplants. They needed some cleaning up, dead leaves
removed, leaves dusted and washed, pots shifted around. I need to get out and look for a bigger pot
for the peace lily so I can repot it. It’s
so root bound it doesn’t hold much water anymore. I don’t know what people who love plants do
in the winter if they don’t have houseplants.
The garden catalogs are piling up here. These companies need a program that keeps
them from sending duplicates to the same address. I hate to throw catalogs away; it’s a bad
habit of mine. I keep a huge pile of old
catalogs in my home office. But I do
toss duplicates unless I find someone who wants them.
I sometimes remember what my grandmother once did with
old catalogs. She had a lot of beautiful
rose catalogs and she would cut the colored pictures out of them and make
cards. Sometimes she did things like
paste roses all over her refrigerator. I
cut out pictures from some catalogs she gave me and pasted them to my bedroom
wall, but that didn’t go over too well with my mother.
When I was working with an after school program for
troubled kids I sometimes brought garden catalogs in, gave the kids an
imaginary budget to spend and let them go through the catalogs “buying” plants
while improving their math. Some of the
kids asked to take the catalogs home which I was always happy to let them do.
If you are getting plant catalogs you may want to read
the article I wrote below about plant names and how they’re presented in
catalogs further on in this newsletter. It was meant to be a short addition to the new
plants article – but I have a habit of getting involved in a subject and
writing more than I planned.
January Almanac
January’s full moon, on the 12th is called
the Wolf Moon or Old Moon. Moon perigee
is the 10th and since the two are close watch for heavier
precipitation around that time, at least close to Michigan. Moon apogee is the 21st. I track the perigee and apogee of the moon
because my weather keeping records for the last few years tell me the chances of
precipitation around the perigee are high for me. For other areas this might not prove to be
true. Try tracking the moon perigee and
apogee events with your weather and see what you discover.
The perigee is when the moon is closest to earth in a
monthly orbit cycle. There is a slight
increase in the moons gravitational pull at this time. Apogee is the farthest point the moon is in
its orbit from the earth. Research has
proven that there can be slight influences on earth’s weather near these moon
events. When either a new moon or a full
moon occur near perigee the chances for seismic activity, ( earthquakes or
volcano eruptions), increase. Eclipses
or other planetary alignments occurring near this time increase the chances
even more. The full moon also looks slightly larger when it occurs close to
perigee.
The January birth flower is the carnation. In the language of flowers the carnation is
supposed to portray love, fascination and distinction. If you send a striped
carnation to someone it means your regret that the love isn’t shared. A white
carnation means pure love, a red carnation “carnal” love. A pink carnation means friendship and a
yellow one means rejection. An alternative birth flower is the snowdrop. It has a lot less colors to worry about. The birthstone is the garnet.
January is National Blood Donor month, National Hot Tea
month, National Oatmeal Month, and National Soup Month to name a few. The 10th is Houseplant Appreciation day, the
15th is National Hat day, the 13th is International Skeptics day, the 18th is
Winnie the Pooh Day, the 19th is National Popcorn day, the 20th is Martin
Luther King Day as well as Penguin Awareness day and National Buttercrunch
Day. The 22nd is National Blond Brownie
day and the 23rd is National Pie day. The
27th is National Chocolate Cake Day and the 28th is Fun at Work Day as well as
Chinese New Year. The 31st is Backward
day and Inspire Your Heart with Art day.
Jade plants
Jade plants, (Crassula ovata), also called Dollar
plants, are in the stonecrop family, which has many hardy species. Jade plants which are native to South Africa,
are usually kept as houseplants and can live in your home for dozens of years
if they are well cared for. In plant hardiness
zones 10 and above they can be planted outside.
Jade plants are readily available on the market and are
a fairly easy houseplant to grow. There are some closely related species of
crassula that can also be purchased from greenhouses on occasion and these are
cared for in a similar manner.
Jade plants are succulents with thick, shiny, rounded
dark green leaves arranged opposite each other on thick stems which, with age,
become woody looking. In many Jade
plants the leaves are edged in red. In
the variety ‘Hummels Sunset’ the leaves are orange and yellow with a touch of
red. In the variety ‘Tricolor’ the
leaves are marked with cream and pink.
In the right conditions Jade plants will bloom in late
winter- early spring. The blooms are
clusters of tiny, star shaped pinkish flowers with a darker center.
In the home Jade plants can grow to 3’ tall and
wide. In a greenhouse or heated sunroom
they may grow even larger. There are
some cultivars that don’t develop a strong stem and tend to sprawl or weep.
Jade plant care
As a succulent Jade plants need to be planted in a well-drained
planting medium. Use a cactus mix or mix
1 part clean sand with 2 parts of a good houseplant “soil”. All pots must have good drainage.
Jade plants tend to have shallow root systems and often
become top heavy. The plant may need to be staked so that it
doesn’t topple and pull itself out of the pot.
Heavy clay pots may help anchor the Jade plant and keep the pot from
tipping over. If the plant does topple over simply replace it in the pot and
firm the soil back around the roots. You
can also prune the Jade plant with pruning shears to help balance the plant.
The leaves and stems of Jade plants are brittle and
break easily. They need to be placed in
locations where they don’t get bumped or handled often. Also make sure the Jade plant is not in a
draft or directly above heating or air conditioning vents.
Jade plants prefer full sun such as a south or west
window indoors but do fairly well in bright indirect light. They can be moved outside after all danger of
frost has passed but place them in the shade first and gradually move them into
full sun. Turn the pot every time you
water so the plant doesn’t lean toward the light.
Let the Jade plant dry out between watering, but don’t
let the leaves shrivel. When you water,
add water until it drains from the pot bottom.
Be sure to empty saucers under the plants after watering. Over watered Jade plants will shrivel just
like a dry Jade as the root system rots so make sure to feel the surface before
watering. In the winter Jade plants will
need less water. Outside in the summer
make sure to check frequently so that the plants don’t get too dry.
To promote blooming fertilize with a houseplant
fertilizer in late winter. Jade plants
are more likely to bloom when they are in full sun conditions. Gently wipe the leaves of Jade plants from
time to time to remove dust.
Propagating Jade plants
Jade plants are usually started from cuttings and the
plant will look just like its parent.
Jades are easy to start from cuttings and a single leaf can start a new
plant. If leaves break off the plant or
you need to prune it to keep it from toppling over, the removed pieces can be
used to start new plants.
Remove a side stem with two or more sets of leaves just
below the second leaf section to propagate by cutting. Or remove a single leaf to start a new
plant. Use small pots filled with
moistened cactus mixture or vermiculite.
Make a small indentation in the soil mix and either insert the base of a
leaf or remove the lower set of leaves from your stem cutting and insert the
stem in the potting medium to just below the old leaf site (node). Firm the soil around the cutting.
Do not enclose the cutting in plastic or glass. Let the soil dry slightly between
watering. When you see new leaves on the
Jade plant it means it has rooted. You
can share the plant with a friend or fill another window spot.
A Jade plant is a beautiful addition to the home or
office. It is a good looking houseplant
that doesn’t take much care. And like
all houseplants it adds oxygen to the room and helps clean the air. All rooms deserve houseplants.
Plant Names
Before I start talking about some more new plants for
2017 let me explain a little about how plants are named. When you are catalog shopping knowing the
scoop on plant names can be very helpful.
There is the scientific naming and the commercial naming and I’ll try to
give you a short explanation of both.
Many plants also have a common name, or several common
names. We all know how confusing that
can be. Common names are often used in catalogs;
sometimes one plant will have a string of common names listed. Sometimes the
common name is derived from the scientific name such as Hosta. But when you become a collector of hosta you
soon realize that hosta alone may not be adequate to describe the plant you are
considering. The best catalogs use
scientific names and commercial names, if there are some, in plant descriptions
so you know exactly what you are getting.
The scientific part
First, all plants have a scientific name. This is in Latin. It consists of 2 parts, the
genus first and then the species and together the 2 names are called the
specific epithet. It’s written like this Ipomoea
purpurea. Both names should be in italics and the first letter is
capitalized in the first name and not capitalized in the second.
 |
| Ipomoea purpurea |
Some catalogs will list the scientific name, especially
if it’s a wildflower, unusual or rare plant or there is a lot of confusion
between certain plants. This is very helpful in those cases. But very common
garden plants such as tomatoes, cabbage, marigolds, petunias and so on, rarely
have Latin names listed in catalogs. If
you frequently read good catalogs which list the Latin names of plants you’ll
begin to associate the Latin names with the common names, (even if you still
can’t pronounce the Latin.)
When a plant being offered in a catalog comes from a
murky background of several intermingled species and has been cultivated a long
time just the genus name may be mentioned (the first part of the name). A common example would be Rosa referring to cultivated roses which
are comprised of a number of rose species that have been interbred. The Rosa
will be followed by a cultivar name, which I will get to in a minute.
Other times just the first initial of the Latin name is
written such as Nicotiana alata
becoming N.alata. This is generally done when a number of
species are listed together and it’s
easy for the reader to understand that a group of related species of Nicotiana (Flowering Tobacco) are being offered. Usually the first
plant offered on the list or page will have its full name written out and the
rest will have the first part of the name, the genus name, abbreviated.
When a plant has developed a natural variation without
human interference, maybe a pink flower instead of white, it’s called a
variety. When the variation becomes very stable it’s sometimes called a
subspecies. Don’t ask me how a variety
differs from a subspecies but here’s how that distinction in a plant name may
be written. Salvia sclarea var. turkestanica.
Var is the abbreviation for variety and notice the variety name is not
capitalized. (This is the clary sage
used for herbal remedies.) If the plant
is a sub-species it will be written like this Matthiola longipetala subsp. Bicornus. ( Evening scented stock).
If the plant has been in cultivation a long time and it’s
not known for certain what species were crossed to make the variety of plants
you’ll see something like this Pelargonium
x hortorum. This is the geranium of
gardeners- a mutt so to speak. If at
least one of the species used to produce a plant is known it’s written like
this Pelargonium peltatum hyb. The
hyb means it’s a hybrid or cross of two species.
 |
| Pelargonium x hortorum |
By the way the abbreviation F1 can follow either the
Latin name or the commercial cultivar name and simply means the plant is
produced by crossing two distinct species, or cultivars. See the definition of cultivar below.
Now the commercial part of plant names
People have been selecting and breeding plants for
centuries to make new varieties of plants.
When a new variety of plant comes from human intervention in plant sex
it’s called a cultivar, short for
cultivated variety. A cultivar has to be
able to be reliably reproduced so that it has the same attributes as the
parent, whether that is how it looks, how it grows, or what disease resistance
it has.
A new cultivar is supposed to have some identifiable difference
from the specie, or species it was developed from and other cultivars of the
same plant. However, here’s the odd
part- there is no organization or “plant police” to check to see whether that
is really true.
Cultivars are named by the developer. A cultivar name can be anything. Ideally it should not contain any words that
might lead to confusion over the plants identity. For example the cultivar name shouldn’t use
words such as rose or lavender if the plant isn’t a rose plant or lavender
plant. And the cultivar name cannot be
Latin. In earlier times cultivar names
were something like Bob’s Big tomato.
Now they are more likely to be a series of numbers and letters, or
nonsense words. I’ll get to why in a minute.
Once you have a new plant variety developed you may
want to make some money selling it. To
do so you will need to first register the cultivar name and/or then patent that
name. To register a cultivar name it
must be a unique name for the species. You can have a rose named ‘Beautiful Baby’ and
a cabbage named ‘Beautiful Baby’ but not two cabbage cultivars named ‘Beautiful
Baby’. Various organizations have registration
lists that developers consult or they devise one of those nonsense words or
series of letters and numbers to make it unlikely the same cultivar name would
exist. Today cultivar names often
contain the developers name and a number, such as ‘Smithab123’.
You can start selling your plant under your cultivar
name if you want to right away. But here’s
the thing. If someone else buys your cultivar, reproduces it and starts selling
it you aren’t entitled to a dime, even if it’s registered. What you must do to protect your investment
is to patent the plant cultivar. You must
have a lot more proof that your cultivar is unique to the species, and that it
can be reproduced faithfully to be granted a plant patent. Once you have a patent on that plant anyone
who sells that cultivar will owe you a royalty fee. Plant patents can be expensive to obtain.
In plant catalogs you will often see the words plant
patent (PP) and a number or the words “plant patent applied for”. This is abbreviated PPAF. Example: Cercis
canadensis ‘NCCC1’ PPAF. Here’s a tip to gardeners out there. When a plant cultivar has a patent you are
not supposed to reproduce it, either from seed or cuttings. If you want a new plant of that cultivar you
are legally required to go out and buy one from someone authorized to sell it. (Unless you become a commercial seller you
probably won’t be prosecuted for propagating it, but you should remember this.) And most plants you buy anymore have a plant
patent.
A cultivar name is written following the scientific
name if that is given and is enclosed in single quote marks. It is not supposed to be in italics but often
is. I forget this sometimes myself. Example Primula
polyanthus ‘Desert Sunrise’.
A plant might be offered for sale by its cultivar name,
the name it was patented under. But more
likely it will not be. Here’s why. A plant patent expires in 20 years from the
day it was filed. After it expires anyone can sell the plant cultivar without
paying a royalty fee to the developer.
So what plant developers do is either develop and trademark a commercial
name for that cultivar or sell it to someone else to do the same. A trademark name can be renewed indefinitely
and every time a trademarked plant is sold the holder of the trademark can
collect a royalty fee from someone selling it.
Plant companies like Proven Winners, Monrovia and
others often buy the rights to patented plants that breeders have developed. They then develop catchy commercial names to
sell the plant under. When you are
reading a catalog you are often drawn to names like Lies&Lipstick , or
Irish Poet or Love and Wishes. Proven
Winners ™ and Monrovia® are also trademarked names. Plant sellers may also have trademarked logos.
A trademarked name is followed by ™ or ®. There can be
up to 3 words in the name. Each first
letter of a word in the name is capitalized.
It is not set in italics. Nurseries also trademark “ series” or
collection names, a collection of plants
good for containers might be trademarked as the Bushel and Berry ™ collection. So then you would see Bushel and Berry ™ Baby
Cakes ™ Blackberry listed in a catalog.
Confused yet?
You cannot sell a plant of the same species with that
particular trademarked name without paying a royalty fee to the holder of the
registered trademark name or at least having permission to do so. That’s why a
developer doesn’t want the cultivar name to be something that draws attention,
or is easy to remember because patents expire.
After 20 years the plant patent expires and someone
else can develop another commercial name for that particular plant cultivar. They
can trademark the new name and start selling the cultivar under it. Plant cultivar ‘xxy 26 Big’ can be sold under
the name Bold and Beautiful, Big Beauty, Big Red or any number of unique
descriptive names that have been trademarked. ( They still can’t use the
original trademarked name without permission.) Some nurseries don’t even
trademark a new name; they just start selling a cultivar with an expired patent
with some fanciful name. This happens occasionally and is usually done to
revive interest in a cultivar that has been superseded by something new.
Just like generic drugs, generic plants, those sold
under just the cultivar name, are generally less expensive than plants sold under
a trademarked name. Also if you don’t
know the obscure cultivar name you may think you are buying something new and
different when it’s marketed under a new commercial name. The original holder of the first trademarked
name won’t get any fees from your purchase however, if it’s bought under a new
name. They would rather you keep buying
the plant under its older trademarked name, instead of the generic cultivar
name or a new name.
So when you are reading catalogs you may want to see if
both the cultivar name and the trademarked name are listed. Good catalogs, especially those that cater to
more experienced gardeners or plant collectors, will list the cultivar name in
the plant description (often not in the bold type trade name that draws your
attention), if it’s different from the trade name. Then when something says NEW you can
determine if it’s really a new cultivar or a new name for an old cultivar. Be aware that the term NEW may also refer to
the fact that it’s new to that company, not a new cultivar.
Here’s how a good catalog will describe the rose whose trade
name is Sunny Knock Out®. They will list
the cultivar name Rosa'Radsunny' and plant patent number PP#18562 CPBR#4875 in
the plant description along with all the other plant characteristics. (The first Knock Out ® rose was a cultivar
called Rosa'Radrazz'. ) Years from now you may come across a rose
named ‘Sunrise Special’ and then see the cultivar name Rosa'Radsunny' and know
it’s the same rose as Sunny Knock Out ®you bought many years before. Or you may
see the name Rosa'Radsunny' and be able
to pick up a plant you always wanted.
 |
| Rainbow Knock Out® |
Plant catalogs vary tremendously in how they write
plant names. Not all provide scientific
names, or even differentiate whether you are seeing a cultivar name or a
trademark name. Some don’t follow punctuation rules. But the more information you can see and
understand the better informed you as a plant buyer will be and the less likely
you will be disappointed by a Blaze rose resold as Rambling Red.
More new plants
No matter how long you have been gardening you can
learn something new. I had never heard
of a plant called Madia elegans, maybe
because it’s a native species from California and the Pacific southwest, not
commonly grown outside that region in the US.
Madia is well known to English gardeners however, and they have been
including it in cottage gardens for some time.
 |
| Madia elegans Photo from Thompson and Morgan |
I saw the seeds
of this annual plant offered in a seed catalog this year and I am going to be
trying it. The only named cultivated
variety I have seen is called ‘Tropical Fruits’ which speaks to one of Madia’s
attributes. The foliage is said to smell
like a mixture of pineapple and orange – or other tropical fruits. The plant
also has 3 inch daisy-like flowers that are bright yellow with maroon
centers. Madia will tolerate drought and
heat , although it must do well in cooler, moister areas too, if it’s common in
English gardens.
Madia is said to bloom continuously through summer but
the flowers will close up in the day if it’s hot and dry, opening in early
morning and again in the evening. It grows 2-3 feet tall and is said to re-seed
freely. People who enjoy eating unusual
plants may also want to try Madia as it was cultivated by Native Americans for
its oily, tasty seeds. Madia is also
known as Elegant Tarweed. The seeds can
be purchased through Seeds and Such www.SeedsNSuch.com
I love jasmines of various types so I have to write
about this new variety Summer
Soul® Arabian Jasmine (Jasminum
sambac 'Monhariklia').
In zone 9 and higher it could be planted in the ground and makes a nice
evergreen hedge but for most of us it will be a container plant. The plant has
a dense shape- can grow to 6 feet tall or more but can be kept smaller with
pruning. It’s loaded with huge fully
double white flowers that will saturate the garden with their delicious scent
in late summer and fall. It’s produced
by Monrovia – ask for the plant at better nurseries.
Betula
plettkei
‘Golden Treasure’ a dwarf golden birch, will light up your
garden. It’s very tiny golden leaves
have a tinge of red in spring. It is
very compact and takes pruning and shaping well. It is a good landscape or container
plant. It’s hardy to zone 2 and will
grow in full sun or partial shade. From
Forest Farms https://www.forestfarm.com/
 |
| 'Golden Treasure' Forest Farm |
‘Judy’
Trumpet vine might be the answer for those of you
thinking about buying a trumpet vine and wanting something different. It has golden yellow flowers instead of
orange. Still as vigorous as the “wild”
trumpet vines and hardy in zones 5-9.
Get it from Spring Hill Nursery http://www.springhillnursery.com/
How about a new canna? Canna 'Chocolate Sunrise' has deep olive green leaves with a purple
sheen (appears chocolate) and purple flushed stems. Flowers are “pumpkin” yellow –orange and
produced all summer. Plants are compact
3-4 feet in height. Find it at Plant
Delights Nursery https://www.plantdelights.com/
 |
| Canna 'Chocolate Sunrise' Plant Delights nursery |
I love lilies and grow dozens of varieties. Here’s a new Asiatic lily ‘Sundew’ that’s
a stunner. Rich golden yellow double flowers born in
large clusters in late June. Find it at
the Lily Garden http://www.thelilygarden.com/
 |
| 'Sundew' The Lily garden |
There are literally thousands of named daylilies but
this name instantly takes your interest.
Daylily ‘Lies & Lipstick’ looks like someone blotted bright red lipstick
with light pink ruffled lily petals lined with gold. It’s not new to the trade, but new to me and
many markets. It’s mid-season and
sometimes re-blooming, tall, semi-evergreen.
It’s available at a number of daylily nurseries try http://curriesdaylilyfarm.com/, or http://www.gilberthwild.com/ or http://eustacedaylily.com/
 |
| 'Lies&Lipstick' Botanus |
If you are into growing edibles in containers you may
want to try the garden pea ‘Patio Pride’. It’s an All American vegetable selection
for 2017. Very compact plants produce
delicious sweet garden peas over a long period of time. Only 40 days to bearing! Several seed companies are carrying this one.
And here’s another new pea to try SUGAR MAGNOLIA PURPLE SNAP PEA. It
is a regular sized pea vine but the flowers are a beautiful purple color as
well as the pea pods. Nice sweet flavored peas, 70 days to maturity. Find them
at John Scheepers Kitchen Garden https://www.kitchengardenseeds.com
 |
| 'Sugar Magnolia' Kitchen Garden seeds |
Here’s another odd edible plant that you may be tempted
to grow. Oikos nursery is offering
Man Root Bush Morning
Glory-Sweet Potato -(Ipomoea
ieptophylla).
This is a native perennial sweet potato that forms a large bush covered
with purple morning glory type flowers which also produces a huge edible sweet
potato “root” that can be 2 feet wide by 5 feet long and weigh 25 pounds! Hardiness is probably zone 6 – maybe zone 5.
Find it at https://oikostreecrops.com
Bushel
and Berry ™ Baby Cakes ™ Blackberry - Last week I told you about
grapes that could be grown in containers, this week meet the blackberries which
you can grow in containers. These
compact, 3 feet tall plants produce lots of delicious juicy blackberries. They are thorn-less and hardy in zones
3-8. Get them from Raintree Nursery
http://www.raintreenursery.com/
Tomato,
Maglia Rosa is a cherry Italian or paste type tomato. It’s beautiful as well as tasty with its
swirled rose pink flesh and sweet but lightly acidic taste. The plants are semi-determinate and compact
and would be good for the garden or a container. You can set it from Burpee’s at http://www.burpee.com/
Beer Biscuits
These biscuits, made with beer, have a yeasty flavor
like good homemade bread. They can
become your signature side dish. They
are quick and easy to make. Serve them
with jam or honey or add some sausage gravy for a yummy breakfast. They freeze well so make a batch or two on the
weekends for school day breakfast during the week.
3 cups
flour
3
teaspoons baking powder
1½ teaspoon salt
3
Tablespoons sugar
1 cup
beer, any kind
Grease a cookie sheet.
Preheat oven to 375 degrees.
Mix all the ingredients together, kneading with floured
hands right in the pan until the dough feels smooth.
Pick out a small ball of dough and flatten it on the
greased pan. The size can be any biscuit
size that appeals to you. The recipe
will make about 18 medium biscuits.
Bake at 375 degrees until golden brown.
The
only good thing about getting older is that time moves faster and springtime seems closer.
Kim Willis
“He who has a garden and
a library wants for nothing” ― Cicero
And
So On….
Do you have plants or seeds you would like to swap or share? Post them here by emailing me. You can also
ask me to post garden related events. Kimwillis151@gmail.com
Find
Michigan garden events/classes here:
An
interesting Plant Id page you can join on Facebook
Here’s a
seed/plant sharing group you can join on Facebook
Newsletter/blog information
If you would like to pass along a notice about an
educational event or a volunteer opportunity please send me an email before
Tuesday of each week and I will print it. Also if you have a comment or opinion
you’d like to share, send it to me or you can comment directly on the blog.
Please state that you want to have the item published in my weekly note if you
email me. You must give your full name and what you say must be polite and not
attack any individual. I am very open to ideas and opinions that don’t match
mine but I do reserve the right to publish what I want.
I write this because I love to share with other gardeners
some of the things I come across in my research each week. It keeps me engaged
with people and horticulture. It’s a hobby, basically. I hope you enjoy it. If
you are on my mailing list and at any time you don’t wish to receive these
emails just let me know. If you know anyone who would like to receive a
notification by email when a new blog is published have them send their
email address to me. KimWillis151@gmail.com
This comment has been removed by a blog administrator.
ReplyDelete